The Ontario Science Centre has developed an exciting collection of school program designed to link to the new Science and Technology Curriculum. These highly motivating programs, presented live by the Science Education Staff, are intended to help students:
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
| Strand: Physics |
|
9 | Electrical Applications |
| E1. |
assess the major social, economic, and environmental costs and benefits of using electrical energy, distinguishing between renewable and non‑renewable sources... |
| E2. |
investigate, through inquiry, the properties of static and current electricity and the cost of the consumption of electrical energy |
| E3. |
demonstrate an understanding of the concepts and principles of static and current electricity |
| E1.1 |
assess social, economic, and environmental costs and benefits of using a renewable and a non‑renewable source of electrical energy, taking the issue of sustainability into account. |
| E2.5 |
compare, on the basis of observation, the differences between series and parallel circuits |
| E3.1 |
compare conductors and insulators, and explain how materials allow static charge to build up or be discharged |
| E3.2 |
explain the law of electric charges with reference to common electrostatic phenomena |
| E3.3 |
identify the components of a simple direct current (DC) electrical circuit, and describe their functions |
| E3.5 |
explain the characteristics of electric current, potential difference, and resistance, in simple series and parallel circuits |
| E3.7 |
explain the practical use of resistance in a common household product |
|
|---|
| Strand: Physics |
|
9 | The Characteristics of Electricity |
| E1. |
assess some of the costs and benefits associated with the production of electrical energy from renewable and non‑renewable sources, and analyse how electrical efficiencies and savings can be achieved, through both the design of technological devices and practices in the home |
| E2. |
investigate, through inquiry, various aspects of electricity, including the properties of static and current electricity, and the quantitative relationships between potential difference, current, and resistance in electrical circuits |
| E3. |
demonstrate an understanding of the principles of static and current electricity |
| E1.2 |
assess some of the social, economic, and environmental implications of the production of electrical energy in Canada from renewable and non‑renewable sources |
| E2.2 |
conduct investigations into the transfer of static electric charges by friction, contact, and induction... |
| E2.3 |
predict the ability of different materials to hold or transfer electric charges... |
| E2.6 |
analyse and interpret the effects of adding an identical load in series and in parallel in a simple circuit |
| E3.2 |
explain the characteristics of conductors and insulators and howmaterials allow static charge to build up or be discharged |
| E3.4 |
identify the components of a simple DC circuit and explain their functions |
| E3.5 |
explain the characteristics of electric current, potential difference, and resistance in simple series and parallel circuits, noting how the quantities differ in the two circuits |
| E3.6 |
describe, qualitatively, the interrelationships between resistance, potential difference, and electric current |
| E3.8 |
explain how various factors influence the resistance of an electrical circuit |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 9 | Atoms, Elements, and Compounds |
| C2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to atoms, elements, and compounds, including, but not limited to: boiling point, mixtures, particle theory, pure substances, and viscosity |
| C3.3 |
distinguish between elements and compounds (e.g., compounds are pure substances that can be broken down into elements by chemical means) |
| C3.4 |
describe the characteristic physical and chemical properties of common elements and compounds |
| C3.7 |
compare and contrast the physical properties of elements within a group and between groups in the periodic table |
| C3.8 |
identify and use the symbols for common elements and the formulae for common compounds |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 9 | Exploring Matter |
| C1.2 |
assess the social and environmental impact of the production or use of a common element or simple compound |
| C2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to the exploration of matter, including, but not limited to: combustion, … decomposition, … precipitate, reaction, and soluble |
| C2.5 |
investigate and compare the chemical properties of representative elements within groups in the periodic table families of elements |
| C3.2 |
describe the characteristics that distinguish elements from compounds |
| C3.4 |
explain the relationships between the properties of elements and their position in the periodic table |
| C3.5 |
describe the characteristic physical and chemical properties of common elements |
| C3.6 |
use symbols and chemical formulae to represent common elements and simple compounds |
| C3.7 |
identify the elements and compounds in common household products |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
10 | Chemical Reactions and Their Practical Applications |
| C1.2 |
identify practical applications of chemical reactions in a particular profession, and assess the associated hazards, including hazards associated with the handling and disposal of chemicals... |
| C2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to chemical reactions, including, but not limited to: …dilute, neutralization, product, reactant, and word equation |
| C3.2 |
name and write the formulae for simple ionic and molecular compounds |
| C3.3 |
write word equations and balanced chemical equations for simple chemical reactions |
| C3.4 |
describe the process of neutralization for simple acid–base reactions |
| C3.5 |
describe how the pH scale is used to identify the concentration of acids and bases |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
10 | Chemical Reactions |
| C2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to chemical reactions, including, but not limited to: compounds, product, and reactant |
| C3.3 |
describe the types of evidence that indicate chemical change |
| C3.4 |
write word equations and balanced chemical equations for simple chemical reactions |
| C3.5 |
describe, on the basis of observation, the reactants in and products of a variety of chemical reactions, including synthesis, decomposition,and displacement reactions |
| C3.7 |
describe how the pH scale is used to classify solutions as acidic, basic, or neutral |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
11 | Chemical Reactions |
| C2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to chemical reactions, including, but not limited to: neutralization, precipitate, acidic, and basic |
| C3.1 |
identify various types of chemical reactions, including synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, and combustion |
| C3.2 |
explain the difference between a complete combustion reaction and an incomplete combustion reaction |
| C3.3 |
explain the chemical reactions that result in the formation of acids and bases from metal oxides and non-metal oxides |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
11 | Quantities in Chemical Reactions |
| D3.4 |
explain the quantitative relationships expressed in a balanced chemical equation, using appropriate units of measure |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 11 | Gases and Atmospheric Chemistry |
| F2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to gases and atmospheric chemistry, including, but not limited to: standard temperature, standard pressure,molar volume, and ideal gas |
| F3.1 |
identify the major and minor chemical components of Earth’s atmosphere |
| F3.2 |
describe the different states of matter, and explain their differences in terms of the forces between atoms, molecules, and ions |
| F3.3 |
use the kinetic molecular theory to explain the properties and behaviour of gases in terms of types and degrees of molecular motion |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Matter and Qualitative Analysis |
| B3.2 |
describe various types of chemical reactions, including synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, and double displacement reactions |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Electrochemistry |
| D1.1 |
analyse, on the basis of research, a technological application that is based on the oxidation-reduction reaction that occurs in galvanic cells.
|
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to electrochemistry, including, but not limited to: oxidation,…and electrolyte |
| D3.1 |
explain the concepts of oxidation and reduction in terms of the chemical changes that occur during redox reactions |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Electrochemistry |
| F1.1 |
assess, on the basis of research, the viability of using electrochemical technologies as alternative sources of energy, and explain their potential impact on society and the environment |
| F2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to electrochemistry, including, but not limited to: half-reaction, electrochemical cell, reducing agent, oxidizing agent, redox reaction… |
| F3.1 |
explain redox reactions in terms of the loss and gain of electrons and the associated change in oxidation number |
| F3.5 |
explain some applications of electrochemistry in common industrial processes |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Organic Chemistry |
| B2.4 |
analyse, on the basis of inquiry, various organic chemical reactions |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Organic Chemistry |
| C1.2 |
research a useful product made from one or more organic substances, and assess the environmental impact of the production, use, and disposal of the product |
| C3.2 |
identify functional group structures that define common classes of organic compounds
Conduct an inquiry to identify some of the products of the combustion of…an alcohol |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Chemistry in the Environment |
| F3.1 |
identify major and minor chemical components of Earth’s atmosphere |
| F3.6 |
explain the difference between the concepts of strength and concentration when referring to solutions of acids and bases |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Chemical Systems and Equilibrium |
| E3.2 |
explain the concept of chemical equilibrium and how it applies to the concentration of reactants and products in a chemical reaction at equilibrium |
| E3.3 |
explain Le Châtelier’s principle and how it applies to changes to a chemical reaction at equilibrium |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Energy Changes and Rates of Reaction |
| D1.1 |
analyse some conventional and alternative energy technologies, and evaluate them in terms of their efficiency and impact on the environment...
|
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to energy changes and rates of reaction, including, but not limited to: …activation energy, endothermic, exothermic, potential energy… |
| D3.1 |
compare the energy changes resulting from physical change, chemical reactions, and nuclear reactions, in terms of whether energy is released or absorbed |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
Earth and Space Science 10 | Earth's Dynamic Climate |
| D1.1 |
analyse, on the basis of research, various ways in which living things and natural systems have been affected by climate change and communicate their findings |
| D1.2 |
analyse ways in which human actions have increased or decreased the production of greenhouse gases |
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to Earth’s dynamic climate, including, but not limited to: anthropogenic, atmosphere, carbon footprint, carbon sink, climate, greenhouse gases, hydrosphere, and weather |
| D2.2 |
investigate the principles of the natural greenhouse effect, using simulations, diagrams, and/or models, and compare these principles to those of an actual greenhouse |
| D2.5 |
investigate their personal carbon footprint, using a computer simulation or numerical data, and plan a course of action to reduce their footprint |
| D2.6 |
compare different tools or systems used by scientists to make informed decisions on global climate change |
| D3.1 |
describe the principal components of Earth’s climate system |
| D3.2 |
describe the natural greenhouse effect, its importance for life, and the difference between it and the anthropogenic greenhouse effect |
| D3.3 |
describe how heat is transferred and stored in both hydrospheric and atmospheric heat sinks |
| D3.4 |
identify different greenhouse gases, and explain how they are produced naturally in the environment |
| D3.5 |
describe methods by which greenhouse gases are produced by humans |
| D3.6 |
identify the natural and human causes of climate change in the world and, in particular, how Canada contributes to climate change |
| D3.7 |
identify indicators of global climate change |
|
|---|
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
10 | Climate Change |
| D1.1 |
analyse current and/or potential effects, both positive and negative, of climate change on human activity and natural systems |
| D1.2 |
assess, on the basis of research, the effectiveness of some current individual, regional, national, or international initiatives that address the issue of climate change and propose a further course of action related to one of these initiatives |
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to climate change, including, but not limited to: albedo, anthropogenic, atmosphere, cycles, heat sinks, and hydrosphere |
| D2.3 |
analyse different sources of scientific data for evidence of natural climate change and climate change influenced by human activity |
| D2.4 |
investigate a popular hypothesis on a cause and- effect relationship having to do with climate change, using simulations and/or time-trend data that model climate profiles |
| D2.6 |
investigate, through laboratory inquiry or simulations, how water in its various states influences climate |
| D2.7 |
investigate, through research or simulations, the influence of ocean currents on local and global heat transfer and precipitation patterns |
| D3.1 |
describe the principal components of Earth’s climate system and how the system works |
| D3.2 |
describe and explain heat transfer in the hydrosphere and atmosphere and its effects on air and water currents |
| D3.3 |
describe the natural greenhouse effect, explain its importance for life, and distinguish it from the anthropogenic greenhouse effect |
| D3.4 |
identify natural phenomena and human activities known to affect climate, and describe the role of both in Canada’s contribution to climate change |
| D3.5 |
describe the principal sources and sinks, both natural and/or anthropogenic, of greenhouse gases |
| D3.7 |
describe, in general terms, the causes and effects of the anthropogenic greenhouse effect |
| D3.8 |
identify and describe indicators of global climate change |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
Biology 12 | Biochemistry |
| B1.2 |
evaluate, on the basis of research, some advances in cellular biology and related technological applications |
| B2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to biochemistry, including, but not limited to: active and passive transport, covalent and ionic bond, allosteric site, substrate, substrate-enzyme complex, and inhibition |
| B2.3 |
construct and draw three-dimensional molecular models of important biochemical compounds, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids |
| B2.5 |
plan and conduct an investigation related to a cellular process, using appropriate laboratory equipment and techniques, and report the results in an appropriate format |
| B3.2 |
describe the structure of important biochemical compounds, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and explain their function within cells |
| B3.3 |
identify common functional groups within biological molecules, and explain how they contribute to the function of each molecule |
| B3.4 |
describe the chemical structures and mechanisms of various enzymes |
|
|---|
Biology 12 | Molecular Genetics |
| D1.1 |
analyse, on the basis of research, some of the social, ethical, and legal implications of biotechnology |
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to molecular genetics, including, but not limited to: polymerase I, II, and III, DNA ligase, helicase, Okazaki fragment, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, codon, anticodon, translation, transcription, and ribosome subunits |
| D2.2 |
analyse a simulated strand of DNA to determine the genetic code and base pairing of DNA |
| D2.3 |
conduct an investigation to extract DNA from a specimen of plant or animal protein |
| D3.1 |
explain the current model of DNA replication, and describe the different repair mechanisms that can correct mistakes in DNA sequencing |
| D3.5 |
describe some examples of genetic modification, and explain how it is applied in industry and agriculture |
| D3.6 |
describe the functions of some of the cell components used in biotechnology |
| D3.7 |
describe, on the basis of research, some of the historical scientific contributions that have advanced our understanding of molecular genetics |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Biotechnology |
| F1.2 |
analyse, on the basis of research, ethical and legal issues related to an application of biotechnology in the health, agricultural, or environmental sector |
| F2.3 |
investigate, through laboratory inquiry or computer simulation, a recently developed biotechnological method used in the health sector |
| F3.1 |
explain various methods used, over time, in the field of biotechnology |
| F3.2 |
explain the structure and functions of macromolecules and the synthesis of proteins |
| F3.3 |
describe applications of biotechnology in the health, agricultural and environmental sectors |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
Environmental Science 11 | Human Health and the Environment |
| C1. |
analyse initiatives, both governmental and non-governmental, that are intended to reduce the impact of environmental factors on human health |
| C2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to human health and the environment, including, but not limited to: contaminants, …air pollution, and pesticide |
| C2.3 |
investigate, through laboratory inquiry or field study, water samples from natural and disturbed environments and, analyse the resulting data |
| C3.2 |
describe the effects of a variety of environmental factors on human health |
| C3.3 |
describe ways in which a variety of environmental contaminants can enter the human body |
| C3.4 |
describe measures that can reduce exposure to environmental contaminants |
|
|---|
Environmental Science 11 | Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry |
| D1. |
evaluate the impact of agricultural and forestry practices on human health, the economy, and the environment |
|
|---|
Environmental Science 11 | Human Impact on the Environment |
| B1. |
analyse selected current environmental problems in terms of the role human activities have played in creating or perpetuating them, and propose possible solutions to one such problem |
| B2.1 |
use appropriate terminology relating to the environmental impact of human activity, including, but not limited to: carbon footprint, carbon neutral, … carrying capacity…and...sustainability |
| B3.1 |
identify the basic components of soil, water, and air, and describe some of the effects of human activity on soil, water, and air quality |
| B3.2 |
explain the concept of the cycling of substances in ecosystems |
| B3.5 |
explain the effects of human activity on an aquatic or terrestrial ecosystem |
|
|---|
Environmental Science 11 | Natural Resource Science and Management |
| E1. |
assess the environmental impact of the harvesting and/or extraction of resources, including ways of reducing this impact, and analyse threats to the sustainability of natural resources |
|
|---|
Environmental Science 11 | Human Health and the Environment |
| C3.1 |
describe common environmental factors, including pollution and environmental contaminants, and explain how they can affect human health |
| C3.2 |
describe various ways in which environmental contaminants can enter the human body |
|
|---|
Environmental Science 11 | Scientific Solutions to Contemporary Environmental Challenges |
| B1. |
analyse social and economic issues related to an environmental challenge, and how societal needs influence scientific endeavours related to the environment |
| B3.1 |
identify some major contemporary environmental challenges, and explain their causes and effects |
| B3.4 |
explain how an environmental challenge has led to advances in science or technology |
| B3.5 |
describe a variety of human activities that have led to environmental problems and/or contributed to their solution |
|
|---|
Biology 11 | Microbiology |
| C1.1 |
assess some of the effects, both beneficial and harmful, of microorganisms in the environment... |
|
|---|
Biology 12 | Population Dynamics |
| F1. |
analyse the relationships between population growth, personal consumption, technological development, and our ecological footprint, and assess the effectiveness of some Canadian initiatives intended to assist expanding populations |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Hazards in the Workplace |
| B3.3 |
identify common biological hazards in the workplace, and describe potentially harmful situations and practices as well as best safety practices relating to these hazards |
| B3.4 |
identify common chemical hazards in the workplace, and describe potentially harmful situations and practices as well as best safety practices relating to these hazards |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Chemicals in Consumer Products |
| C1.2 |
assess the environmental consequences of improper disposal of chemical products commonly used in the home |
| C3.3 |
explain the function of the pH scale and how pH test results are interpreted |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Science and Public Health Issues |
| E3.4 |
explain a variety of social factors that can promote the rapid spread of infectious diseases |
| E3.5 |
describe public health measures, including legislation, that are used for the protection of the public |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Disease and Its Prevention |
| D1. |
evaluate the impact of public policy initiatives and technological advances intended to control the spread of disease, taking into consideration the failure of some people to follow public health regulations or recommendations |
| D2.2 |
conduct an investigation, using safe practices and aseptic techniques, to compare the characteristics and growth of different types of non-pathogenic bacteria |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Pathogens and Disease |
| C3.2 |
describe the mode of transmission of various diseases, including those that are insect-borne, … water-borne,…and food-borne |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
11 | Matter, Chemical Trends and Chemical Bonding |
| B1. |
analyse the properties of commonly used chemical substances and their effects on human health and the environment, and propose ways to lessen their impact |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
11 | Chemical Reactions |
| C1. |
analyse chemical reactions used in a variety of applications, and assess their impact on society and the environment |
| C1.2. |
assess the effectiveness of some applications of chemical reactions that are used to address social and environmental needs and problems…
|
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 11 | Solutions and Solubility |
| E1.1 |
analyse the origins and cumulative effects of pollutants that enter our water systems, and explain how these pollutants affect water quality. |
| E1.2 |
analyse economic, social, and environmental issues related to the distribution, purification, or use of drinking water. |
| E2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to aqueous solutions and solubility, including, but not limited to: concentration, solubility, precipitate, … pH, dilute, solute, and solvent |
| E2.4 |
conduct an investigation to analyse qualitative and quantitative properties of solutions |
| E2.7 |
determine the concentration of an acid or a base in a solution, using the acid–base titration technique |
| E2.8 |
conduct an investigation to determine the concentrations of pollutants in their local treated drinking water, and compare the results to commonly used guidelines and standards |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
11 | Quantities in Chemical Reactions |
| D1.1 |
analyse processes in the home, the workplace, and the environmental sector that involve the use of chemical quantities and calculations |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Chemical Calculations |
| E1.1 |
analyse processes in the home, the workplace, or the environmental sector that require an understanding of accurate chemical calculations |
| E2.7 |
use qualitative observations of a chemical reaction to identify the chemical changes, presence of limiting reagents, and the products occurring in a chemical reaction |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
Chemistry 12 | Chemistry in the Environment |
| F1. |
evaluate the importance of government regulations, scientific analyses, and individual actions in improving air and water quality, and propose a personal plan of action to support these efforts |
| F1.2 |
evaluate the importance of quantitative chemical analysis in assessing air and water quality, and explain how these analyses contribute to environmental awareness and responsibility… |
| F2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to chemical analysis and chemistry in the environment, including, but not limited to:…hard water, titration, pH, …and ppm |
| F2.3 |
conduct an acid–base titration to determine the concentration of an acid or a base |
| F2.4 |
conduct an inquiry, using available technology or chemical tests, to detect the presence of inorganic substances in various samples of water |
| F3.7 |
identify inorganic substances that can be found dissolved in water as a result of natural processes and human activities |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
Biology 10 | Tissues, Organs and Systems |
| B1.2 |
evaluate the effects that use of or exposure to a technology, substance, or environmental factor may have on the function of human tissues, organs, or systems |
| B2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to human cells, tissues, organs, and systems, including, but not limited to: absorption, …capillaries, red blood cells, regeneration |
| B3.3 |
explain cell organization by describing the link between cells, tissues, organs, and systems in the human body |
| B3.4 |
explain the general function of some of the systems in the human body |
| B3.5 |
describe the interaction of systems in the human body, and explain why these interactions are necessary for survival |
|
|---|
Biology 10 | Tissues, Organs, and Systems of Living Things |
| B1.2 |
assess the importance to human health and/or society of medical imaging technologies used in Canada in diagnosing or treating abnormalities in tissues, organs, and/or systems… |
| B1.3 |
describe public health strategies related to systems biology, and assess their impact on society |
| B2.1 |
use appropriate terminology...capillaries, concentration, red blood cells, regeneration. |
| B3.3 |
explain the links between specialized cells, tissues, organs, and systems in plants and animals |
| B3.4 |
explain the primary functions of a variety of systems in animals |
| B3.5 |
explain the interaction of different systems within an organism and why such interactions are necessary for the organism’s survival |
|
|---|
Biology 11 | Animals: Structure and Function |
| E1.1 |
evaluate the importance of various technologies, including Canadian contributions, to our understanding of internal body systems… |
| E1.2 |
assess how societal needs lead to scientific and technological developments related to internal systems |
| E2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to animal anatomy, including, but not limited to: systolic, diastolic, diffusion gradient, inhalation, exhalation,coronary, cardiac, ulcer, asthma, and constipation |
| E2.3 |
use medical equipment to monitor the functional responses of the respiratory and circulatory systems to external stimuli |
| E3.1 |
explain the anatomy of the respiratory system and the process of ventilation and gas exchange from the environment to the cell |
| E3.2 |
explain the anatomy of the digestive system and the importance of digestion in providing nutrients needed for energy and growth |
| E3.3 |
explain the anatomy of the circulatory system and its function in transporting substances that are vital to health |
| E3.4 |
describe some disorders related to the respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems |
|
|---|
Biology 11 | Anatomy of Mammals |
| E1.2 |
analyse the impact of various lifestyle choices on human health and body systems. |
| E2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to animal anatomy, including, but not limited to: systolic contraction, diastolic pressure, diffusion gradient, inhalation, exhalation, coronary, cardiac, ulcer, asthma, and constipation |
| E2.2 |
use medical equipment to monitor a human system, and interpret the data collected |
| E3.1 |
describe the anatomy and physiology of the circulatory system including the atrium, ventricles, valves, aorta, pulmonary artery, vena cava, capillaries, veins, arteries, blood cells, and platelets, the mechanisms of blood pressure, and the function of the spleen |
| E3.2 |
describe the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system including the nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and oxygenated and deoxygenated blood) and the mechanisms of gas exchange and respiration |
| E3.3 |
describe the anatomy and physiology of the digestive system, the mechanisms of peristalsis, absorption, and mechanical and chemical digestion, and the function of the kidneys |
| E3.4 |
explain some of the mechanisms of interaction between a mammal’s different body systems |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Medical Technologies |
| B2.2 |
use a variety of medical technologies to collect data related to... heart rate, lung capacity, and ... and analyse the data |
| B3.1 |
explain the four primary vital signs in humans |
| B3.2 |
describe the normal range for various physiological and biochemical indicators |
| B3.3 |
explain the function and use of a variety of medical devices and technologies for diagnostic and treatment purposes |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Nutritional Science |
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology...protein, vitamin, carbonhydrate, fats, lipids, pepsin, and amaylase. |
| D3.4 |
describe the structure and function of the components of the digestive system with respect to physical and chemical digestion |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Science and Public Health Issues |
| E3.3 |
explain the impact of various threats to public health, including infectious diseases, chronic diseases, and environmental factors |
| E3.5 |
describe public health measures, including legislation, that are used for the protection of the public |
|
|---|
| Cross Curriculum Connections: Health and Physical Education |
| Course: Healthy Active Living Education |
| 9 Open | Healthy Living |
- explain the effects of the use and abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs
|
|---|
| 10 Open | Healthy Living |
- explain how healthy eating is beneficial to various physical activities
|
|---|
| Course: Health for Life |
| 11 Open | Community Health |
- describe the impact of specific health problems on personal health and the health of others
- demonstrate an awareness of the contributions that individuals can make to the health of others
- analyze how research and medical advances influence the prevention and control of health problems
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 10 | Light and Applications of Optics |
| E1.1 |
analyse how additive and/or subtractive colour theory are applied in technologies used in everyday life |
| E1.2 |
describe the role of selected optical technologies in the transmission of information, and analyse their impact on society |
| E2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to light and optics, including, but not limited to: angle of incidence, angle of reflection, angle of refraction, centre of curvature, focal length, luminescence, magnification, principal axis, radius of curvature, and vertex |
| E2.4 |
predict the qualitative characteristics of images formed by converging lenses, test their predictions through inquiry, and draw ray diagrams to record their observations |
| E2.5 |
investigate how various objects or media reflect, transmit, or absorb light, and record their observations using ray diagrams |
| E2.6 |
predict the effect of shining a coloured light on objects of different colours, and test their predictions through inquiry |
| E3.1 |
describe various types of light emissions and how they produce light |
| E3.2 |
identify and label the visible and invisible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and identify the colours that make up visible white light |
| E3.3 |
explain the laws of reflection of light, and identify ways in which light reflects from various types of mirrors |
| E3.4 |
describe qualitatively how visible light is refracted at the interface between two different media |
| E3.5 |
use additive colour theory to predict the results of combining primary and secondary light colours |
| E3.6 |
use subtractive colour theory to describe the effect of colour filters on white light |
| E3.7 |
explain how the colour of an object is determined by reflection, absorption, and transmission of colour |
| E3.8 |
explain how the properties of light or colour are applied in the operation of an optical device |
|
|---|
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 10 | Light and Geometric Optics |
| E1.2 |
analyse a technological device that uses the properties of light, and explain how it has enhanced society |
| E2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to light and optics, including, but not limited to: angle of incidence, angle of reflection, angle of refraction, focal point, luminescence, magnification, mirage, and virtual image |
| E2.3 |
predict the qualitative characteristics of images formed by plane and curved mirrors, test their predictions through inquiry, and summarize their findings |
| E3.1 |
describe and explain various types of light emissions |
| E3.2 |
identify and label the visible and invisible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum |
| E3.3 |
describe, on the basis of observation, the characteristics and positions of images formed by plane and curved mirrors, with the aid of ray diagrams and algebraic equations, where appropriate |
| E3.5 |
describe the characteristics and positions of images formed by converging lenses, with the aid of ray diagrams |
| E3.6 |
identify ways in which the properties of mirrors and lenses (both converging and diverging) determine their use in optical instruments |
| E3.7 |
identify the factors, in qualitative...terms, that affect the refraction of light as it passes from one medium to another |
| E3.8 |
describe properties of light, and use them to explain naturally occurring optical phenomena |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 10 | Light and Applications of Optics |
| E2.5 |
investigate how various objects or media reflect, transmit, or absorb light, and record their observations using ray diagrams |
| E2.6 |
predict the effect of shining a coloured light on objects of different colours, and test their predictions through inquiry |
| E3.1 |
describe various types of light emissions and how they produce light |
| E3.2 |
describe various types of light emissions and how they produce light |
| E3.3 |
explain the laws of reflection of light, and identify ways in which light reflects from various types of mirrors |
| E3.4 |
describe qualitatively how visible light is refracted at the interface between two different media |
|
|---|
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 10 | Light and Geometric Optics |
| E2.2 |
use an inquiry process to investigate the laws of reflection, using plane and curved mirrors... |
| E2.3 |
predict the qualitative characteristics of images formed by plane and curved mirrors, test their predictions through inquiry, and summarize their findings |
| E3.1 |
describe and explain various types of light emissions |
| E3.2 |
identify and label the visible and invisible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum |
| E3.3 |
describe, on the basis of observation, the characteristics and positions of images formed by...curved mirrors, with the aid of ray diagrams... |
| E3.5 |
describe the characteristics and positions of images formed by converging lenses, with the aid of ray diagrams |
|
|---|
| Strand: Computer Technology |
|
10 | Computer Technology Fundamentals |
| A1.1 |
identify basic electronic components and describe their functions |
| A1.2 |
use precise terminology to identify various types and features of computer hardware and interfaces |
|
|---|
| Strand: Computer Technology |
|
10 | Computer Technology Skills |
| B5.1 |
use a procedural programming language to define constants and variables, write expressions and assignment statements, and specify the order in which the operations are performed in a program; |
| B5.2 |
use input and output statements in a program |
| B5.3 |
use a decision structure and a repetition structure in a program |
| B5.4 |
use a design to plan, write, and test a computer program to control a simple robot or peripheral device |
|
|---|
| Strand: Technological Design |
|
10 | Technological Design Skills |
| B1.1 |
gather and use pertinent information |
| B2.1 |
create freehand sketches of brainstormed design ideas, emphasizing key features |
| B2.2 |
apply mathematical and scientific concepts and skills as required in the course of designing various products and/or processes; |
| B3.1 |
use appropriate tools, equipment, and materials to create design models and/or prototypes |
| B4.2 |
report and reflect on their experience with the design process, using a suitable oral and/or written format |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 11 | Forces |
| C3.1 |
distinguish between, and provide examples of, different forces and describe the effect of each type of force on the velocity of an object |
| C3.2 |
explain how the theories and discoveries of Galileo and Newton advanced knowledge of the effects of forces on the motion of objects |
| C3.3 |
state Newton’s laws, and apply them, in qualitative terms, to explain the effect of forces acting on objects |
| D2.4 |
plan and conduct inquiries involving transformations between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy to test the law of conservation of energy |
| D3.1 |
describe a variety of energy transfers and transformations, and explain them using the law of conservation of energy |
| D3.5 |
describe, with reference to force and displacement along the line of force, the conditions that are required for work to be done |
|
|---|
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 11 | Waves and Sound |
| E2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to mechanical waves and sound, including, but not limited to: longitudinal wave, transverse wave, frequency, period, cycle, amplitude, phase, wavelength, velocity, superposition, constructive interference, destructive interference, standing waves, and resonance |
| E2.7 |
analyse the conditions required to produce resonance in vibrating objects and/or in air columns, and explain how resonance is used in a variety of situations |
| E3.1 |
distinguish between longitudinal and transverse waves in different media, and provide examples of both types of waves |
| E3.2 |
explain the components of resonance, and identify the conditions required for resonance to occur in vibrating objects and in various media |
| E3.4 |
identify the properties of standing waves, and, for both mechanical and sound waves, explain the conditions required for standing waves to occur |
| E3.5 |
explain the relationship between the speed of sound in various media and the particle nature of the media |
| E3.6 |
explain selected natural phenomena with reference to the characteristics and properties of waves |
|
|---|
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 11 | Kinematics |
| B1.1 |
analyse...a technology that applies concepts related to kinematics |
| B2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to kinematics, including, but not limited to: time, distance, position, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration |
| B2.4 |
conduct an inquiry into the uniform and non-uniform linear motion of an object |
| B3.3 |
describe the characteristics and give examples of a projectile’s motion in vertical and horizontal planes |
|
|---|
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 12 | Energy and Momentum |
| C2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to energy and momentum, including, but not limited to: work,..., kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, thermal energy... |
| C3.4 |
explain the implications of the laws of conservation of energy and conservation of momentum with reference to mechanical systems |
|
|---|
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 12 | Wave Nature of Light |
| E2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to the wave nature of light, including, but not limited to: diffraction, dispersion, wave interference, nodal line, phase, oscillate, polarization, and electromagnetic reaction |
| E2.4 |
analyse diffraction and interference of water waves and light waves, and solve related problems |
| E3 |
demonstrate an understanding of the properties of waves and light in interference, and polarization |
| E3.1 |
describe and explain the diffraction and interference of water waves in two dimensions |
| E3.2 |
describe and explain the diffraction, refraction, polarization, and interference of light waves |
| E3.3 |
use the concepts of refraction, diffraction polarization, and wave interference to explain the separation of light into colours in various situations |
|
|---|
| Strand: Physics |
|
Physics 12 | Dynamics |
| B1.1 |
analyse a technological device that applies the principles of linear or circular motion |
| B2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to dynamics, including, but not limited to: inertial and non-inertial frames of reference, components, centripetal, period, frequency, static friction, and kinetic friction |
| B2.4 |
predict, in qualitative...terms the forces acting on systems of objects and plan and conduct an inquiry to test their predictions |
| B2.5 |
analyse, in qualitative...terms, the relationships between the motion of a system and the forces involved... |
| B2.6 |
analyse, in qualitative terms, the forces acting on and the acceleration experienced by an object in uniform circular motion in horizontal and vertical planes... |
| B3.1 |
distinguish between reference systems (inertial and non-inertial) with respect to the real and apparent forces acting within such systems |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
9 | Space Exploration |
| D1. |
analyse the major challenges and benefits of space exploration, and assess the contributions of Canadians to space exploration |
| D1.1 |
research the challenges associated with space exploration, and explain the purpose of materials and technologies that were developed to address these challenges and how these materials and technologies are now used in other fields of endeavour |
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to space exploration |
| D2.4 |
investigate a technological challenge related to the exploration of celestial objects that arises from the objects' specific properties, and identify the solution that has been devised |
| D3.2 |
compare the characteristics and properties of celestial objects that constitute the solar system, including their motion and their distance from other celestial objects in the solar system |
| D3.3 |
identify the factors that make Earth well suited for the existence of life |
| D3.4 |
describe the characteristics of the sun and the effects of its energy on Earth and Earth's atmosphere |
|
|---|
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
9 | The Study of the Universe |
| D1. |
assess some of the costs, hazards, and benefits of space exploration and the contributions of Canadians to space research and technology |
| D1.2 |
assess some of the costs, hazards, and benefits of space exploration |
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to the study of the universe |
| D2.2 |
use direct observation, computer simulation, or star charts to determine the location, appearance, and motion of well-known stars and other celestial objects that are visible in the night sky |
| D2.4 |
gather and record data, using an inquiry or research process, on the properties of specific celestial objects within the solar system |
| D3.3 |
describe the major components of the solar system and the universe |
| D3.6 |
describe various reasons that humankind has had for studying space |
|
|---|
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
Earth and Space Science 12 | Planetary Science (Science of the Solar System) |
| C1. |
analyse political, economic, and environmental issues related to the exploration and study of the solar system, and how technology used in space exploration can be used in other areas of endeavour |
| C2. |
investigate features of and interactions between bodies in the solar system, and the impact of these features and interactions on the existence of life |
| C1.1 |
analyse political considerations related to and economic and environmental consequences (actual and/or potential) of, exploration of the solar system |
| C3.1 |
explain the composition of the solar system |
| C3.5 |
identify and explain the properties of celestial bodies within or beyond the solar system other than Earth, that might support the existence of life |
| C3.6 |
compare Earth with other objects in the solar system with respect to properties such as mass, size, composition, rotation, magnetic field, and gravitational field |
|
|---|
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
Earth and Space Science 12 | Earth Materials |
| E2. |
investigate the properties of minerals and characteristics of rocks, including those in their local area |
| E3. |
demonstrate an understanding of the properties of minerals and the formation and characteristics of rocks |
| E2.2 |
investigate the properties of various Earth materials |
| E2.3 |
conduct a series of tests (e.g., hardness, streak, density) to identify and classify common minerals |
| E2.4 |
investigate common igneous rocks (e.g., granite, obsidian, basalt, gabbro), using a hand lens, classify them on the basis of their texture |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
10 | Chemical Reactions and Their Practical Applications |
| C2.6 |
plan and conduct an inquiry to classify some common substances as acidic, basic, or neutral |
| C3.5 |
describe how the pH scale is used to identify the concentration of acids and bases |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
10 | Chemical Reactions |
| C2.6 |
plan and conduct an inquiry to classify some common substances as acidic, basic, or neutral |
| C3.3 |
describe the types of evidence that indicate chemical change (e.g., changes in colour...) |
| C3.7 |
describe how the pH scale is used to classify solutions as acidic, basic, or neutral |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
9 | Space Exploration |
| D1. |
analyse the major challenges and benefits of space exploration, and assess the contributions of Canadians to space exploration |
| D1.1 |
research the challenges associated with space exploration, and explain the purpose of materials and technologies that were developed to address these challenges and how these materials and technologies are now used in other fields of endeavour |
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to space exploration |
| D2.4 |
investigate a technological challenge related to the exploration of celestial objects that arises from the objects' specific properties, and identify the solution that has been devised |
| D3.2 |
compare the characteristics and properties of celestial objects that constitute the solar system, including their motion and their distance from other celestial objects in the solar system |
| D3.3 |
identify the factors that make Earth well suited for the existence of life |
| D3.4 |
describe the characteristics of the sun and the effects of its energy on Earth and Earth's atmosphere |
|
|---|
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
9 | The Study of the Universe |
| D1. |
assess some of the costs, hazards, and benefits of space exploration and the contributions of Canadians to space research and technology |
| D2.1 |
use appropriate terminology related to the study of the universe |
| D2.2 |
use direct observation, computer simulation, or star charts to determine the location, appearance, and motion of well-known stars and other celestial objects that are visible in the night sky |
| D2.4 |
gather and record data, using an inquiry or research process, on the properties of specific celestial objects within the solar system |
| D3.3 |
describe the major components of the solar system and the universe |
| D3.6 |
describe various reasons that humankind has had for studying space |
|
|---|
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
Earth and Space Science 12 | Planetary Science (Science of the Solar System) |
| C1. |
analyse political, economic, and environmental issues related to the exploration and study of the solar system, and how technology used in space exploration can be used in other areas of endeavour |
| C2. |
investigate features of and interactions between bodies in the solar system, and the impact of these features and interactions on the existence of life |
| C1.1 |
analyse political considerations related to and economic and environmental consequences (actual and/or potential) of, exploration of the solar system |
| C1.2 |
analyse, on the basis of research, a specific technology that is used in space exploration and that has applications in other areas of re- search or in the environmental sector |
| C2.4 |
investigate the ways in which interactions between solid bodies have helped to shape the solar system, including Earth |
| C3.1 |
explain the composition of the solar system |
| C3.5 |
identify and explain the properties of celestial bodies within or beyond the solar system other than Earth, that might support the existence of life |
| C3.6 |
compare Earth with other objects in the solar system with respect to properties such as mass, size, composition, rotation, magnetic field, and gravitational field |
|
|---|
| Strand: Earth and Space Science |
|
Earth and Space Science 12 | Earth Materials |
| E2. |
investigate the properties of minerals and characteristics of rocks, including those in their local area |
| E3. |
demonstrate an understanding of the properties of minerals and the formation and characteristics of rocks |
| E2.2 |
investigate the properties of various Earth materials |
| E2.3 |
conduct a series of tests (e.g., hardness, streak, density) to identify and classify common minerals |
| E2.4 |
investigate common igneous rocks (e.g., granite, obsidian, basalt, gabbro), using a hand lens, classify them on the basis of their texture |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
10 | Chemical Reactions and Their Practical Applications |
| C2.6 |
plan and conduct an inquiry to classify some common substances as acidic, basic, or neutral |
| C3.5 |
describe how the pH scale is used to identify the concentration of acids and bases |
|
|---|
| Strand: Chemistry |
|
10 | Chemical Reactions |
| C2.6 |
plan and conduct an inquiry to classify some common substances as acidic, basic, or neutral |
| C3.3 |
describe the types of evidence that indicate chemical change (e.g., changes in colour...) |
| C3.7 |
describe how the pH scale is used to classify solutions as acidic, basic, or neutral |
|
|---|
| Grade |
Topic |
Expectations |
Biology 11 | Diversity of Living Things |
| B3.2 |
compare and contrast the structure and function of different types of prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses |
| B3.3 |
describe unifying and distinguishing anatomical and physiological characteristics of representative organisms from each of the kingdoms |
|
|---|
Biology 11 | Evolution |
| C2.4 |
investigate, through a case study or computer simulation, the processes of natural selection and artificial selection and analyse the different mechanisms by which they occur |
| C3.2 |
explain the process of adaptation of individual organisms to their environment |
|
|---|
Biology 11 | Genetic Processes |
| D1.2 |
evaluate, on the basis of research, the importance of some recent contributions to knowledge, techniques, and technologies related to genetic processes |
| D3.5 |
describe some reproductive technologies and explain how their use can increase the genetic diversity of a species |
|
|---|
Biology 11 | Microbiology |
| C2.3 |
prepare a laboratory culture of microorganisms on agar, using proper aseptic techniques |
| C2.4 |
investigate the effect of antibacterial agents on different bacterial cultures |
| C2.5 |
investigate and analyse the conditions needed by microorganisms for growth |
| C3.1 |
describe the anatomy and morphology of various groups of microorganisms |
| C3.4 |
explain the different methods of reproduction in various types of bacteria, viruses, and fungi |
|
|---|
Biology 11 | Genetics |
| D1.2 |
evaluate, on the basis of research, some of the effects of genetic research and biotechnology on the environment |
| D3.2 |
explain how the concepts of DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, mitosis and meiosis account for the transmission of hereditary characteristics from generation to generation |
|
|---|
Biology 12 | Molecular Genetics |
| D1.1 |
analyse, on the basis of research, some of the social, ethical, and legal implications of biotechnology |
| D3.5 |
describe some examples of genetic modification, and explain how it is applied in industry and agriculture |
| D3.6 |
describe the functions of some of the cell components used in biotechnology |
| D3.7 |
describe, on the basis of research, some of the historical scientific contributions that have advanced our understanding of molecular genetics |
|
|---|
Biology 12 | Biochemistry |
| B1.2 |
evaluate, on the basis of research, some advances in cellular biology and related technological applications |
| B2.2 |
plan and conduct an investigation to demonstrate the movement of substances across a membrane |
| B2.5 |
plan and conduct an investigation related to a cellular process using appropriate laboratory equipment and techniques, and report the results in an appropriate format |
| B3.2 |
describe the structure of important biochemical compounds, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and explain their function within cells |
| B3.4 |
describe the chemical structures and mechanisms of various enzymes |
| B3.6 |
describe the structure of cell membranes according to the fluid mosaic model, and explain the dynamics of passive transport, facilitated diffusion, and the movement of large particles across the cell membrane by the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Disease and Its Prevention |
| D2.2 |
conduct an investigation, using safe practices and aseptic techniques, to compare the characteristics and growth of different types of non-pathogenic bacteria |
| D2.3 |
investigate the effects of various drug therapies on the growth of bacteria |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Biotechnology |
| F2.3 |
investigate, through laboratory inquiry or computer simulation, a recently developed biotechnological method used in the health sector |
| F2.4 |
investigate, through laboratory inquiry or computer simulation, a recently developed biotechnological method used in the field of agriculture |
| F3.1 |
explain various methods used, over time, in the field of biotechnology |
| F3.3 |
describe applications of biotechnology in the health, agricultural and environmental sectors |
|
|---|
| Strand: Science |
|
Science 12 | Pathogens and Disease |
| C2.4 |
use an inquiry process to demonstrate the effect of the use of sterile techniques on pathogenesis |
| C3.4 |
describe the role of vaccines, antibiotics, antiretrovirals, and other drug therapies and antiseptics in the control of pathogenesis |
| C3.5 |
describe non-medical ways to protect oneself from contracting pathogenic disease in a variety of situations |
| C3.7 |
describe aseptic techniques used in the workplace, and explain their importance in preventing the spread of pathogens |
|
|---|
